サンプリングイベントデータ

Introduction

Sampling-event data provides detailed information about species occurrences in specific locations and times, along with the sampling methods used. These datasets follow standardized protocols, allowing researchers to assess species abundance, community composition, and compare data across different times and places. Examples include vegetation transects, bird censuses, monitoring data, and environmental DNA samples. Unlike opportunistic observations, sampling-event data is quantitative and calibrated, making it useful for detecting changes and trends in populations. By including details of the sampling effort and protocol, researchers can even infer species absence and better understand biodiversity patterns. These datasets include the same basic descriptive information included under Resource metadata and the same standard elements as in Occurrence Data.

サンプリングイベントデータに変換する方法

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最終的には、ダーウィン・コア(DwC)の用語名を列名とした2つのテーブルにデータを変換する必要があります。1つはサンプリングイベントのテーブル、もう1つは各サンプリングイベントに由来する(関連する)種のオカレンスのテーブルです。

このExcelテンプレートにデータを入力してみてください。このテンプレートには、サンプリングイベント用と関連する種のオカレンス用の2シートが含まれています。

Alternatively, if your data is stored in a supported database, you can write two SQL tables (views) using DwC column names: one for sampling events and another for associated species occurrences.

Each sampling event record should include all required DwC fields and as many recommended DwC fields as possible. You can augment your table with extra DwC columns, but only DwC terms from this list.

Similarly, each species occurrence record should include all required DwC fields and as many recommended DwC fields as possible. You can augment your table with extra DwC columns, but only DwC terms from this list. Some DwC terms will be redundant meaning they are added to both sampling event and species occurrence records. As a general rule, try not to add redundant terms with the same values. It is fine if they have different values though, for example, if you wanted to define a location of an event and then define more specific locations for individual occurrences. Otherwise, when the location of individual occurrences isn’t supplied, its location gets inherited from the event.

テンプレート

Excelテンプレート Excelテンプレート(サンプルデータ付き)

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DwCの必須項目

DwCの推奨フィールド

よくある質問

Q. あるサンプリングイベントが時系列の一部であることを示すにはどうしたらよいですか?

A. 同じ場所でのサンプリングイベントは、すべて同じlocationIDを共有する必要があります。

Q. parentEventIDを使用して、イベントの階層(再帰的データ型)を公開するにはどうすればよいですか?

A. The classic example is sub-sampling of a larger plot. To group all (child) sub-sampling events under the (parent) sampling event, the parentEventID of all sub-sampling events must be set to the eventID of the (parent) sampling event. To be valid, all parentEventIDs must reference eventIDs of records defined in the same dataset. Otherwise, the parentEventID must be a globally unique identifier (e.g. DOI, HTTP URI, etc) that resolves to an event record described elsewhere. Ideally, all (child) sub-sampling events share the same date and location as the (parent) event it references.

Q. 不在データはどのように公開するのですか?

A. ステップ1:サンプリングの時間や場所で観察できたはずなのに観察されなかった種について、以下のフィールドを設定して種オカレンス記録を追加することで、種の不在を明示します。

必須

オプション(どちらか一方または両方を提供します)

あるいは、サンプリングで派生する種のオカレンスがなかったとしても、サンプリングイベントの記録を含めます。これにより、種の不在を推論することができます。このノルウェーのサンプリングイベントデータセットの例では、これがどのように見えるかを示しています。

Step 2: Define the taxonomic scope of all sampling events included in the dataset, it is recommended to publish a timestamped checklist together with the sampling event dataset, which represents the species composition that could be observed at the time and place of sampling given the sampling protocol (and/or the taxonomic coverage of the study and the expertise of the personnel carrying out identification). This would allow for accurate presence/absence data to be recorded. In addition to the normal (expected) species composition, the checklist could include invasive (unexpected) species. For taxonomic and biogeographical/ecological reasons, however, this checklist would exist solely within the context of the sampling event dataset.

Instructions on how to create a checklist can be found here. Detailed metadata should be included with the checklist describing a) the people who performed the identifications and their taxonomic expertise and b) how it was decided that these species were detectable & identifiable at the time and place of sampling.

チェックリストをサンプリングイベントのデータセットにリンクさせるには、外部リンクセクションでデータセットのメタデータにチェックリストを追加します。